Lefteris Kaliambos Wiki

Lefteris Kaliambos (Scientist of Natural Philosophy in New Energy).He was born in Skotina of Olympus in 1944. (leutereskaliampos@gmail.com)

279px-400px-1993 Αντίγραφο

September 19, 2015

Today writing in Google "Natural Philosophy Wiki" one sees that in the category: "NEW ENERGY" is described the abstract of my paper “Impact of Maxwell’s …dipolic particles”  presented at the international conference "Frontiers of fundamental physics" (Olympia 1993) organized by the physisists M. Barone and F. Selleri. In this photo one sees the math of my discovery of dipole nature of photon I presented at that conference held in Olympia. The paper invalidates Maxwell’s fields and Einstein's relativity, because the experiment of French and Tessman (1963) showed that the basic postulation of Maxwell's  fields moving through a fallacious ether (displacement current) involves misconceptions.Thus Einstein's massless quanta of the invalid fields (1905) could not explain correctly the photoelectric effect. (Correct explanation of photoelectric effect). This new energy of photon-matter interaction invalidates the wrong relativity which violates the two conservation laws of mass and energy. (EINSTEIN'S WRONG ASSUMPTIONS IN SPECIAL RELATIVITY). In fact, light consists of dipolic photons having not only energy but also mass. For example the gravitational properties of light predicted by Newton were confirmed my soldner in 1801. Also Planck in 1907 based on Einstein's famous equation E = mc2 in order to interpret the gravitational properties of light showed that his quanta of energy E = hν do have mass. Moreover Einstein himself later (1938) in his famous book "The evolution of Physics" changed his strange ideas of the curvature of space (invalid general relativity) by accepting the gravitational properties of light predicted by Newton and confiermed by Soldner in 1801. Especially on page 234 he wrote: "A beam of light carries energy and energy has mass. But every inertial mass is attracted by the gravitational field, as inertial and gravitational masses are equivalent. A beam of light will bend in a gravitational field exactly as a body would if thrown horizontally with a velocity equal to that of light."

However today many physicists influenced by the excellent math of Maxwell's equations  continue to believe incorrectly that the equations form the backbone of modern electrodynamics theories. Under this physics crisis writing in Google “Errors in Maxwell’s equations” one sees a large number of articles which do not describe the basic errors of Maxwell for formulating his fallacious electromagnetic theory based on the wrong concept of field but they try to find errors in the form of equations.

It is indeed unfortunate that Maxwell in 1865 for formulating his electromagnetic theory abandoned the well-established electromagnetic laws of Coulomb (1785) and Ampere (1820) involving forces acting at a distance and accepted the Faraday wrong concept of field in the induction law (1832). Although Faraday summarized that the induction law is the result of a magnetic resultant Maxwell introduced the false hypothesis that the induced current is the result of a hypothetical electric field E. Moreover he did not follow the experiment of Neumann who in 1845 showed that the induction law is consistent with the magnetic force of the Ampere law. Under such fallacious ideas Maxwell tried also to find a hypothetical symmetry to get the correct relation E/B = c deduced from the experiments under the applications of the Coulomb law and the induction law.

Of course such situations of wrong hypotheses leading to correct results of experiments like the correct E/B = c deduced from the invalid Maxwell's equations mislead the scientists . Consequently today many physicists continue to believe that Maxwell’s equations are the triumph of electromagnetism and that he was the first who unified the electric and magnetic fields. In “ James Clerk Maxwell-WIKIPEDIA” one reads:

“His discoveries helped usher in the era of modern physics, laying the foundation for such fields as special relativity and quantum mechanics. Many physicists regard Maxwell as the 19th-century scientist having the greatest influence on 20th-century physics. His contributions to the science are considered by many to be of the same magnitude as those of Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. In the millennium poll—a survey of the 100 most prominent physicists—Maxwell was voted the third greatest physicist of all time, behind only Newton and Einstein. On the centenary of Maxwell's birthday, Einstein described Maxwell's work as the "most profound and the most fruitful that physics has experienced since the time of Newton".

It is of interest to note that the experiment of Michelson and Morley (1887) rejected the fallacious Maxwellian ether, while the experiment of French and Tessman (1963) showed the fallacy of Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory. On the other hand the experiments of the Quantum Entanglement confirmed the fundamental action at a distance introduced by Newton in his well-established laws. For example Newton's third law of instantaneous action and reaction led to the discoveries of the Coulomb law (1785) and of Ampere law (1820), while the concept of electric and magnetic fields led to the contradicting relativity theories and also to several complications which cannot explain the optical phenomena of atomic and nuclear physics (Intensity and false field).

The first basic error which led to the contradicting  relativity theories is the acceptance of the wrong concept of field, while I showed that laws and experiments invalidate fields and relativity.

The second error was that Maxwell did not follow the magnetic energy per unit charge Wm/q = (Fm/q)l  of the Ampere law ( Neumann experiment) but he replaced the Fm/q  by a fallacious electric field E = Fm/q  which did much to retard the progress of physics. For example Einstein in his invalid relativity introduced the fallacious electric field E of Maxwell when a magnet moves with respect to a conductor and developed his invalid special relativity by violating the Galileo relativity deduced from Newton’s laws. Note that in the induction law according to the experiment of Franz Neumann (1845) the electromotive force is always due to a magnetic force of the Ampere law, no matter what is moving in accordance with the Galileo principle of relativity.(REVIEW OF ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORIES).

The third error is connected with his fallacious hypothesis that between the plates during the charging of a  capacitor there exist a hypothetical current (called displacement current) able to produce a magnetic force. Note that the experiment of French and Tessman showed that the so-called changing electric field  between the plates of a capacitor cannot produce magnetic force.

The fourth error of Maxwell was that he tried to apply the Ampere law of high symmetry ( magnetic force outside a very long wire of current I) by using the fallacious displacement current Id of very short length ( between the plates of a capacitor). In other words in case in which the Id is a real current it cannot give the same results of a current of high symmetry. Therefore his equation of the hypothetical displacement current is characterized by two errors. The first error is that the Id is a fallacious current which cannot give magnetic force and the second error is that the equation is inconsistent with the Ampere law. 

Here I emphasize that both equations of Maxwell for describing his fallacious hypothesis of self propagating fields (without the fundamental charge) were formulated without applying the fundamental laws of electromagnetism. In fact, after my discovery of dipole nature of photon today it is well known that light consists of dipolic photons behaving like spinning electric dipoles which at the speed of light c produce not the invalid fields (violating Newton's third law ) but the electric intensity Ey of the Coulomb law and the magnetic intensity Bz of the Ambere law. In other words the dipolic photons are able to give time varying Ey/Bz = c under the applications of the well-established laws of Coulomb and Ampere involving forces acting at a distance in accordance with the experiments of the Quantum Entanglement. Also after my discovery of the Photon-Matter Interaction based on the two conservation laws of energy and mass the dipole photons carry energy Ε = hν and mass m = h/c2 .

Historically, the discovery of the quanta of energy E = hν by Planck (1900)  showed that Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory (1865) cannot explain the optical phenomena of atomic physics . Nevertheless, today many physicists believe that Maxwell’s equations are the correct mathematical formulations of laws for describing the self propagating fields as properties of space responsible for our “seeing” the stars. Whereas, the fundamental action at a distance of the well-established laws of Coulomb (1785) and Ampere (1820) could be a troublesome idea under the assumed triumph of Maxwell’s equations.

According to the well-established laws of electromagnetism the electric and magnetic force acting at a distance on one charge was considered as being caused by the presence at some distance away of another charge. Whereas, in the wrong concept of field introduced by Faraday in 1832 one charge is thought of as producing a “field” everywhere in space which should account for the force on the other charge. In fact, for the simple solutions of difficult problems the electric field E = Fe/q of the well-established law of Coulomb is a vector quantity which gives, at every point in space, the electric force Fe that would act at a distance on a unit positive charge that is placed at that point.

 Faraday in his induction law using his wrong concept of field introduced the so-called electromotive force EMF = W/q  given by

EMF = W/q =  dΦ/dt

Where Φ is the magnetic flux. 

In his paper “Experimental Researches in Electricity”(1832) Faraday summarizes that a circumferential magnetism is exhibited by an electric current.  In other cases since the changing magnetic vector B increases at a rate dB/dt,  Faraday found also that  W/q = (dB/dt)S .

Particularly Faraday for explaining the induction law imagined that the space surrounding the magnet and the coil was in a state of tension like stretched rubber bands and he called these bands “lines of force”. Note that later the experiments of the Quantum Entanglement confirmed the fundamental action at a distance introduced by Newton in his well-established laws.

On this basis in 1845 Neumann discovered experimentally that the so-called motional EMF occurs when in a xy system a conductor of length l is parallel to y and moves with a velocity u = dx/dt. In this simple case the magnetic force Fm = quB  is parallel to l. Here the vector B  which is perpendicular to the xy plane is not the field of Faraday but the vector B = Fm/qu  used for the simple calculations of the magnetic force Fm acting at a distance. ( See my NEW LAW OF MAGNETIC FORCE).

For simplicity using the vector B one gets:

EMF = W/q = Fml/q = (Fm/q)l  = (quB/q)l = Bul

This equation also can be written as

EMF = W/q = Bul =  Bldx/dt =  BdS/dt  = dΦ /dt

Since Faraday found also that

(BdS)/dt  = (dB/dt)S

We may write

(F/q)l = (dB/dt)S

Or in differential form one can write

(Fm/q)dl = (dB/dt) dS

That is, the Faraday induction, based on the wrong concept of field, in fact,  is due to the magnetic force per unit charge ( Fm/q) of the Ampere law acting at a distance, no matter what is moving in accordance with the principle of relativity deduced from Newton’s laws.

In the same way the experiments of the capacitor-inductance systems showed that the stored electric energy ( We) per volume of the Coulomb law between the plates of a charged capacitor is given by

W/vol = εοΕ2/2

Also the stored magnetic energy Wm per volume of the induction law associated with the existence of current in the inductance is given by

Wm/vol = B2/2μo

Then under the conservation law of energy one finds that E/B = c as

εοE2/2 = B2/2μo    or   E2/B2 = 1/εομο = c2  and E/B = c

Note that 1/εομο  = K/k = c2 found by Weber in 1856. Here K is the constant of the Coulomb force and k is the constant of the magnetic force of the Ampere law.

However, though Neumann in 1845 showed experimentally that the Faraday induction is consistent with the magnetic force of the Ampere law, later (1865) Maxwell in order to explain the electromagnetic properties of light (discovered by Faraday in 1845) abandoned the well-established laws of Coulomb and Ampere involving forces acting at a distance. Instead he accepted the wrong concept of field and introduced two wrong postulations. In the first postulation Maxwell hypothesized incorrectly that the magnetic force per unit charge (Fm/q) is an electric field (E). Thus the correct differential equation of the Faraday induction

(Fm/q)dl = (dB/dt) dS

was replaced by the first invalid differential equation of Maxwell given by

Edl = (dB/dt) dS

This invalid equation under the wrong postulation that a changing magnetic field gives rise to an electric field is the biggest error in the history of electromagnetism, because it led to Einstein’s contradicting relativity theories.

The second postulation of Maxwell was his hypothesis that a changing electric field between the plates of a capacitor produces a hypothetical electric current (called displacement current) able to give a magnetic force. However the experiment of French and Tessman in 1963 showed that changing electric fields between the plates of a capacitor cannot give magnetic forces. On the other hand  in case in which the displacement current (Id) is correct one can prove that such a current violates the Ampere law.  

It is well known that Ampere formulated his law by using a current ( I ) of high  symmetry (very long wire),  while the hypothetical displacement current Id is of short length (between the plates of a capacitor).

Using the vector B the Ampere law at a distace r from a current I of high symmetry is given by

B =  2kI/r = μοI/2πr

Whereas Maxwell using a hypothetical current violated the Ampere law, because he used the Id of short length as

B2πr  = μοId

and making the wrong hypothesis that Id between the plates of a capacitor is equal to εο(dE/dt)S he formulated his second invalid differential equation given by

Bdl =  μο εο(dE/dt)dS

Then comparing these two differential equations he found that

EdE/BdB = (E2/2) / (B2/2) = 1/εομο = c2    or   E2/B2 = 1/εομο = c2  and E/B = c

In other words Maxwell under his two wrong postulations formulated the two invalid equations which give the correct E/B = c of the experiments, because he tried to find hypothetical symmetries like the postulation of the hypothetical displacement current. So he violated the well-established laws of electromagnetism and developed his wrong electromagnetic theory involving wrong fields moving through a fallacious ether. Ironically later (1905) Einstein for developing his invalid relativity abandoned the well-established laws of electromagnetism and accepted Maxwell’s fallacious idea of electric field when a magnet moves with respect to a conductor. So he violated the principle of relativity because the relative motion of a conductor and a magnet produces always magnetic force no matter what is moving, in accordance with Galileo’s principle of relativity.